Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia

Pengaruh Penambahan Ball Mouth Pada Pompa Aliran Aksial Pvc 6 Inci Bertenaga Motor Listrik 1.5 Kw

rendi, Jainal Arifin, Ahmad Maulana — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Axial pumps are a type of centrifugal type water pump that is widely used by the agricultural and fishing industries to move water in large capacities. This research aims to study the effect of adding Ball Mouth to an axial flow pump designed and made from 6 inch PVC pipe powered by a 1.5 kW electric motor. This research uses an experimental method, namely by testing 3 prototype axial pumps using Ball Mouth model A, model B and without using a ball mouth. The test was carried out by varying the number of propeller blades, namely blade 2, blade 3 and blade 4. Data was taken by measuring volume flow rate via U-Notch and electrical power consumption via an Ampermeter measuring instrument. The results show that the addition of the Ball Mouth, especially model B, increases the volume flow rate and pump efficiency significantly. However, the differences between models A and B are not consistent across blades, indicating the importance of design adjustments for optimal results.

Analisis Potensi Pemanfaatan Kotoran Ternak Ruminansia Sebagai Sumber Energi Biogas di Provinsi Lampung

Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Energy, as the foundation of human needs, has benefits that can be utilized in various aspects such as industry, transportation, and household life. The study on biogas energy derived from the excrement of ruminant animals can be analyzed to meet the energy needs in the Lampung province. The data used is sourced from secondary data from the Lampung provincial BPS (Central Statistics Agency) in the year 2021. The variables in this research include the population of ruminant animals, potential waste production, potential biogas production, the potential energy capacity of biogas from ruminant animal waste, and the potential energy equivalence of biogas to LPG gas. Data analysis based on the accumulation of biogas produced from animal waste is influenced by various factors such as feeding, animal type, weight, total solid proportion, and waste availability. The study results indicate that the potential production of ruminant animal waste biogas in 2021 is 262.402.501,1 m³/year. The potential production of biogas from cattle waste is 235.969.215 m³/year, from buffalo waste is 11.498.047,5 m³/year, and from goat waste is 14.935.238,63 m³/year. The recommended types of biogas digesters that can be implemented are the floating tank type, plastic tubular type, and fixed dome type. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the potential of ruminant animal waste for biogas energy in the Lampung province is very significant.

Design and Build a Coffee Bean Roasting Machine with an Automatic Temperature Control System

Muhammad irwan, Hasbullah Panggabean — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

This research aims to enhance the quality of coffee bean roasting in Indonesia by designing an automated control-based roasting machine. The machine serves as a solution to the constraints of traditional roasting processes, particularly prevalent in rural areas. In the context of Indonesia's substantial coffee production, being one of the world's largest producers, the coffee bean roasting machine is anticipated to improve efficiency and consistency in the final product. The research methodology employs a design approach, utilizing tools such as lathes, grinders, and welding machines. Materials include a power window motor, hollow iron, angle iron, and other components. The design process comprises several stages, including the construction of the machine frame, agitator design, and the implementation of an automatic control system. Machine testing results indicate roasting levels within standard parameters for light, medium, and dark roasts. The temperature-time comparison graph illustrates consistent temperature changes throughout the roasting process. In conclusion, the coffee bean roasting machine exhibits significant potential to enhance the quality and efficiency of coffee roasting in Indonesia. By incorporating post-harvest technology, it is expected to contribute significantly to increasing the value of agricultural commodities and the overall economic well-being of communities

Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Udara Pada Airfoil NACA 2412 Terhadap Distribusi Tekanan Pada Open Circuit Low Subsonic Wind Tunnel

Aji Abdillah Kharisma, Abdul Rahman Agung Ramadhan, Bayu Amanda — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

An airfoil is a geometric shape that can provide a big lift force and a small resistance force when going through a fluid flow. Airfoil analysis is particularly significant for determining the lift force, drag force, temperature changes, and air pressure distribution that occurs especially in an airplane. In this research, a NACA 2412 series airfoil model was examined using two methods. The initial experiment involved direct study using 3D printing modeling findings, which were evaluated in a wind tunnel. The second test was computerized using Solidworks software. The objective of this study is to compare the results of experiments (experimental) with models of the influence of variations in air speed on the pressure distribution that occurs on the NACA 2412 airfoil. The results of the analysis of wind tunnel tests are changes in the maximum air pressure distribution that occurs, specifically at a speed variation of 5 m /s = 101344.62 Pa, 10 m/s = 101418.195 Pa, 15 m/s = 101560.44 Pa, and 20 m/s = 101737.02 Pa. According to the findings of this study, the higher the wind or air speed, the greater the pressure distribution.

Designing a Keyway Slotting Machine for Keyway Widths of 4mm - 10mm and Depths of 1,2mm - 2,4mm Using TRIZ Method

El Nathan Sitompul, Heri Widiantoro — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Key is a critical component in mechanical applications of transmission systems to transfer power and torque from the shaft to its hub. The precise creation of the internal keyway is crucial to ensure a strong and reliable connection. The lack of suitable equipment for making internal keyways poses a barrier in practical applications. By utilizing a combination of TRIZ approaches and the Pahl & Beitz design methodology, the design process generates innovative concepts to be integrated into the selected design concept. The final design specifications include a maximum clamping capacity of ∅100mm, a minimum inner hub diameter of ∅10mm, groove width ranging from 4mm to 10mm, and groove depth from 1.2mm to 2.4mm in accordance with DIN 6885 standards. Additionally, the implementation of speed control and automatic emergency systems enhances operational safety in abnormal conditions.

Analisis Laju Korosi, Sifat Mekanik Baja Karbon Medium Terhadap Hasil Perlakuan Surface Treatment.

Destri, Devi Eka Septyani — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Metal-based equipment experiences several issues, one of which is corrosion. Corrosion on metals leads to significant losses. One way to inhibit the corrosion process is through metal coating. In this research, chromium is used as the coating material because it is heat-resistant and oxidation-resistant, preventing premature corrosion of the metal.

The objective of this research is to study the characteristics of hard chromium plating combined with heat treatment on brake handle materials to inhibit corrosion, resulting in brake handles that are reliable and have good toughness. The research stages included the metal plating process with testing parameters of 0.9A and 1A current and testing time parameters of 30 minutes, 45 minutes, and 60 minutes. The tests conducted were hardness tests, weight loss tests, and microstructure tests using an optical microscope.

Based on the research results, the longer the plating time, the greater the thickness and hardness of the coating. Likewise, the greater the current applied, the higher the coating thickness and hardness values.

Analysis of the Effect of Zero Point Clamping System Installation to the 5 Axis CNC Milling Machine Effectiveness Using Overall Equipment Effectiveness Method

Muhammad Aiman Antari, Ignatius Aris Hendaryanto, Handoko, Agustinus Winarno — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

The manufacturing industry sector in Indonesia is experiencing rapid development, significantly contributing to the national GDP. CNC milling 5-axis technology, offering high accuracy and efficiency, is increasingly being used across various industries. However, clamping process issues often hinder the optimal performance of these machines. This study analyzes the impact of implementing the Zero Point Clamping System on the effectiveness of CNC milling 5-axis machines using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method. The study results show a significant increase in the Availability value, which rose by 10.7% from 80.3% to 91%, and the Performance Rate, which increased by 2.9% from 93.4% to 96.3%, while the Quality Ratio remained unchanged. This improvement led to the OEE value increasing from 75% to 87.5%, indicating a 12.5% increase in effectiveness. The implementation of the Zero Point Clamping System significantly reduced Setup and Adjustment time from 13.8% to 4.7% and Idling and Minor Stoppage time from 5.9% to 4.4%, as well as reducing Reduced Speed Losses from 5.25% to 3.5%. These results demonstrate that the application of the Zero Point Clamping System can enhance the effectiveness of CNC milling 5-axis machines by reducing downtime and increasing machine speed, resulting in higher availability and improved machine performance. Consequently, this innovation makes a tangible contribution to improving operational efficiency and the competitiveness of Indonesia's manufacturing industry.

Keywords: CNC milling 5 axis, Effectiveness, Overall Equipment Effectiveness, Zero Point Clamping System

Pengaruh Nickel-Chrome Plating Terhadap Kekerasan Mikro, Kekasaran Permukaan Dan Keausan Pada Hasil Produk Pengecoran Aluminium Bekas (Scrap)

Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

In the aluminum casting process, the resulting cast product still has defects that affect the quality of mechanical properties, so it is necessary to perform the final processing by electrolysis with nickel-chromium. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of nickel-chromium coating on the results of used aluminum casting products with electrical voltages of 5, 7.5, 9 volts and times of 5, 10, 15 seconds. From the test results, it is shown that at electrical voltage of 5 and 7.5 volts with time of 5, 10, 15 seconds and at electrical voltage of 9 volts with time of 5 seconds, the hardness value is still in the nickel hardness range, while at electrical voltage of 9 volts with time of 10 and 15 seconds, it is already in the chromium hardness range. When testing the surface roughness, a decrease of 39.36% was observed after 5 seconds, a decrease of 49.70% after 10 seconds and a decrease of 63.90% after 15 seconds. These results show that the roughness level of the nickel-chromium coating is already in the surface roughness range of the finishing or final machining. The highest wear value was at 5 seconds at a voltage of 5 volts, namely 9.86E-07 mm²/kg. The lowest wear value was at 15 seconds at a voltage of 9 volts, namely 2.213E-07 mm²/kg. Therefore, nickel-chromium coating is known to increase the wear resistance of the coated material.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Transmisi Mesin Pemotong Singkong 60 Kg/Jam untuk Home Industry Keripik Singkong di Bandung

Ana Nur Octaviani, Dafit Feriyanto, Enda Permana, Purnawan, Aap Pandriana — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Cassava chips are one of the processed snack products that are much favored by consumers. Seeing this incident, many entrepreneurs are building cassava chip businesses, either small or large-scale. Home industry entrepreneurs generally in the production process have obstacles in terms of cutting cassava. The cutting process that still uses the manual method causes the production capacity per day to be less optimal because of the length of the cutting process and uses a lot of human labor. In addition, the resulting cassava pieces are less evenly thick. The solution is carried out by the author by designing a cassava cutting machine that can be used in home industry-based entrepreneurs. This mower has a capacity of 60 kg / hour with a 0.5 Hp electric motor drive, with electric power below 900 watts. With this machine, the cassava cutting process will be faster, besides that it can produce good quality cassava slaughter. The author has produced cassava designs and mowers. The design of this mower includes several main parts, namely, power, transmission, blades, and shafts. This cassava cutting machine after being tested has a capacity that is more than planned, which is 82 kg / hour.

Penggunaan dan Analisis Panel Surya Lepas Pantai Menggunakan Pipa Apung sebagai Media Apung.

Rizki Aulia Nanda, Agung Gumelar, Dodi Mulyadi — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Utilization of solar energy sources is one of the alternative energies to save fossil energy. The use of solar panels has been widely implemented in homes, buildings and open fields. Therefore, the largest energy source is on the beach, because the coastal area has an area without obstructions of sunlight. With this background, this study aims to create an offshore solar panel tool. The method used is to review literature studies, manufacture of offshore solar panels, testing on the beach and data analysis. The test results show that the average power versus time (Wh) produces the lowest value of 9.3679 Wh and a medium value of 23 Wh and the highest value of 26 Wh. The type of battery used is FLA (Flooded Lead Acid) with a voltage of 12V and a capacity of 5 Ah. The influence of the lowest and highest values is the level of sunlight conditions on the beach from sunrise to sunset. Offshore solar panels can float well and receive good light energy sources.

Pengaruh Pelepasan Panas Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Mesin Bensin

Tri Susilo Wirawan — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Gasoline engines are crucial in various human activities, especially in the transportation sector. The aim of this study is to determine the performance of commonly used fuels, namely Pertamax and Pertalite. The results of the research show that Pertamax fuel performs better than Pertalite, as evidenced by the heat and working pressure produced.

Pengembangan Alat Monitoring Suhu Multisensor Berbasis Mikrokontroler

Rustam Efendi, Arjal Tando, Welly Padang, Mulhin Aries, Herlina Herlina — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

one Adafruit MCP9808 sensor and five Adafruit MAX31856 thermocouple amplifiers. The design of this data logger allows temperature measurement in various applications, with a focus on monitoring room temperature. The prototype can be used in experiments, research, and industrial applications that require accurate temperature monitoring. This temperature data logger has the potential for wide-ranging applications in various contexts, with advantages in flexibility and affordability. The research validates that the MCP9808 sensor and MAX31856 amplifiers have a high level of accuracy in temperature measurements. The results of temperature measurements in a room environment indicated a temperature of approximately 29 ℃. This data logger design serves as a robust alternative for researchers who face limitations in acquiring standard commercial data loggers. The prototype has the potential to be a valuable tool in experiments and scientific research in various applications that demand precise temperature monitoring.

Analisis Aerodinamika Pada Pesawat Nirawak MEGANTARA Menggunakan Metode CFD

Habib Hakim, Steven Darmawan, Didi Widya Utama, Benedictus Edward — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

The fundamental mechanics of a moving body through a fluid dictates that a body will experience a force acting opposite as a result of friction with the fluid molecules being moved away by the body. This phenomenon can be very complex and unpredictable when it is observed in an experimental setting. By using numerical solutions with the available advancements in fluid simulation software, The flow of the fluid over a body can be observed in a much better light through CFD simulation. In this research, the aerodynamic characteristics of the unmanned aircraft “MEGANTARA” will be simulated using ANSYS Fluent 2023 R2. With the speed variatons of 22,2 m/s; 27,7 m/s; 33,3 m/s; 38,8 m/s; 44,4 m/s; and 55,5 m/s which represents the take off, cruise, and maximum speed. the results will include the coeffitient of lift, drag, and the visualisation of fluid flow through the object, which will hopefully bring a better understanding of the air flow and can become a valuable input for future competitions.

Analisis Termal Proses Pengeboran Tulang dengan Metode Statistik Full Factorial untuk Pengontrolan Nekrosis Tulang

Suryadiwansa Harun, Yanuar Burhanuddin — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Bone drilling is processing to create holes in bone when joining fractured bone parts with bolts. The bone temperature can increase during the bone drilling, causing necrosis and reducing stability and fixation strength. The temperature of bone necrosis can be controlled by applying the appropriate bone drilling parameters. This study experimentally examines the effect of drilling parameters on the temperature during bone drilling using the full-factorial design method. The material test was bovine bone, which its mechanical properties similar to human bone. The bone temperature was measured using two temperature-measuring instruments: a thermocouple (K type) and a Thermal Camera. The study results show that the drill speed and diameter significantly impact the temperature of bone and bone chips. The Increasing in drill speed and diameter increased the bone temperature. The temperature of bone necrosis (>47^oC) was found mainly in bone chips when the drill speed was 2800 rpm, and the drill diameters were 4 and 6 mm. The bone temperature prediction model was also made with a correlation value of about 80-90% and an absolute error rate of about 5-7%, so that can be declared accurate in predicting the bone temperature. This model will later help control the temperature of bone necrosis

Investigation of Gnetum Gnemon and Ramie Natural Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Composites with the Combination of Aramid and Carbon Fiber as Reinforcement for Military Personnel Applications

Annisa Ariesta, Muammar Pierre A. Ferriyanaa, E. I. Bhiftime — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Every equipment infrastructure in a TNI unit will be needed to support an operation in the defence system to maintain the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Personal protective equipment is needed for a war operation’s safety or continuity. Protective components made from composite fibers have the advantage of being resistant to corrosion caused by the environment. The natural and carbon fibers will be mixed/reinforced with epoxy resin to become composite materials. This study aims to identify Gnetum Gnemon fiber composites with carbon fiber and aramid fiber to determine the mechanical properties of the composite material resulting from a collision. Natural fiber Gnetum gnemon has not been widely studied as a reinforcing material for polymer composites. Gnetum gnemon fiber chemical composition is hemicellulose approx. 25%, 40% alpha cellulose, 10% lignin and 3-5% benzene extractive. Its density is quite light, 1.2087 g/cm³ - 1.8069 g/cm³. Because this fiber has a continuous fiber structure and a strong natural weave, its use is still minimal. Special treatment such as alkali treatment on Gnetum gnemon, can increase the strength of natural fibers. Due to its exceptional mechanical properties, Kevlar or aramid fibre are extensively used in industrial and military applications. The aramid fiber exhibited a transversely anisotropic nature in a small strain range, with its stress-strain behavior as linear and elastic. The anisotropic nature of the aramid fiber was due to its high tensile-to-shear modulus ratio. The high strength and modulus were also found to be scattered due to the larger distribution of defects in the longer fiber. Epoxy resin is a type of polymer characterized often by one or more epoxide functional groups, with at least one of the epoxide functional groups acting as a monomer and terminal unit of the polymer within the structural chain.

Optimization of Hammer-Disc Mill Parameters During Producing Gluco-mannan Flour Using Taguchi Method

Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Porang tubers contain glucomannan, which has health benefits for the human body. However, glucomannan also contains calcium oxalate, which is toxic. A Hammer-Disc mill (HDM) machine was used to separate glucomannan and calcium oxalate, categorized as a mechanical process. This study aims to optimize the parameters of the Hammer-Disc Mill machine for producing glucomannan flour by using the Taguchi Method. The selected parameters are the mass of the porang chip, motor rotation speed, and the distance of the hammer blades. The Taguchi Method was used to design an experiment using the Orthogonal Array L9 (3 factors, 3 levels). In this study, statistical analysis was carried out using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine each parameter's effect on glucomannan production. The glucomannan granules were taken using a screener of 60-80 mesh. The results show that the input mass parameter of porang chips significantly affects the glucomannan produced, which, F calculating 10,91 was more than f Table 5,41. The contribution of mass input of porang chips in percentage is 85.36%. Based on the results of the best response, the optimal condition for the production of glucomannan flour is to use a mass of 1 kg of porang chip input (level 3), motor rotation speed of 3000 rpm (level 3), and hammer spacing of 1 cm (level 3). By optimizing this parameter it is expected to increase the yield of glucomannan produced by the Hammer-Disc Mill machine.

Karakteristik Pembakaran Droplet Campuran Metil Oleat – Etanol dengan Penambahan Multi -Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

This research intended to investigate the combustion characteristics of methyl oleic – ethanol blend with OH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-OH) addition. Methyl oleic is an unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester, which is a constituent of various biodiesels. The observed fuel was a mixture of Methyl oleic with 20% vol of ethanol. MWCNT-OH content was varied by 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, and 500 ppm (wt based). The presence of ethanol in the droplets is intended to promote the microexplosion phenomenon, generating smaller droplets and a shorter burning time. The experimental results show that the MWCNT-OH addition on the droplet of Methyl oleic – ethanol blend decreased the ignition delay and droplet burning time, while the constant burning rate and droplet temperature (and flame temperature) were increased. Reducing ignition delay time due to the higher thermal conductivity of nanofluid droplets results in more effective heat absorption from the environment and better heat transport inside the droplet. Hence, droplet vaporization, flammable mixture formation and ignition occur in a shorter time. Furthermore, this condition encourages a higher burning rate and a lower droplet burning time. The higher droplet and flame temperatures are related to the higher heating value of the methyl oleic – ethanol – MWCNT-OH mixture and higher droplet burning rate, which results in a higher heat release rate.

Measurement of the Adhesion of PCL/Hydroxyapatite Nanofibrous Composite Coatings in Relation to the Roughness of Metal Implant Materials

Ahmad Kafrawi Nasution, Sunaryo Sunaryo, Rendy Gunawan — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Composite coatings have been widely used to modify the surface of materials to improve material properties alongside chemical modification, ion implantation, anodic oxidation, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, plasma spray deposition, sol-gel, and thermal oxidation. Modifying the surface coating of bio-implants must employ suitable materials to enhance the interaction between bone cells and the material and provide structural support for forming new tissue. Coating requirements in metal implant material engineering include fiber diameter, porosity, mechanical properties (adhesion), biodegradability, and bioactivity. This study's most recent innovation consisted of modifying the bio-implant surface layer with a polymer (polycaprolactone, PCL) and bioactive ceramic (hydroxyapatite, HA) to meet the requirements of metal implant material application. During the spraying procedure, parameters derived from previous studies are used to determine fabrication parameters. In addition, the adhesion (mechanical properties) will be measured at multiple levels of implant material roughness. The results indicate that the rougher surface of the substrate has a higher adhesion value than the finer surface of the material.

Optimizing Hot Embossing of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Microfluidic Chip

Yudan Whulanza, Pandya Dhira, Deni Haryadi, Tresna P. Soemardi — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Microfluidic research become a more important research field in mechanical and bioengineering fields. The application of microfluidic positively relates to the ability to manufacture micro or precision. Nowadays, the manufacturing in this area is aimed at around 100-500 µm. Here, a hot embossing method is reported to realize microchannel with height and width dimensions of 150-300 µm and 600-800 µm, respectively. This study also shows that the margin factor between the mould/dies to the realized dimension is 50-70% and 5-7% for height and width, respectively.

Modeling Muscle Activities of Squat Motion using OpenSIM

Sandro Mihradi, Ferryanto Ferryanto, Samuel J. Harjanto — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Human beings need to be able to monitor their muscle health. Muscle health can be assessed by directly measuring its signal using an electromyography sensor or, recently, from a musculoskeletal modeling software such as OpenSIM. OpenSIM is an open-source platform for modeling, simulating, and analyzing the neuromusculoskeletal system. This work aims to simulate muscle forces during squat movement using OpenSIM simulation and validate the results using electromyography sensors attached to the body. The squat movement data generated from the optical motion capture system and the force plate will be used as inputs for the OpenSIM software. OpenSIM can provide output, such as a graph of the working muscle forces. That graph will be compared and analyzed with a surface electromyography sensor results graph. Based on the analysis results, the chart of working muscle forces generated by the OpenSIM software has shown a similar trend to the graph of muscle activity resulting from surface electromyography sensor reading. Therefore, the simulation results from the OpenSIM software were validated, and it was implied that the data collection process and the modeling were done correctly.

Meningkatkan Produktivitas Mesin Pengupas Kulit Nanas dengan Sistem Pneumatik Ganda

Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

This research explores the evolution of technology in pineapple peeling, from the use of manual knives to sophisticated pneumatic technology. The main focus is on pineapple peeling machine design, working principles, and calculating time efficiency between machine and manual peeling. The aim is to broaden students' understanding of designing machines and provide guidance for students in applying pneumatic technology. The study began with literature observations and field studies to collect price and specification data as well as information components about pineapple. Next, planning, manufacturing, and testing of the machine are carried out. Data was collected from both stripping processes for further analysis. The research results include machine designs with main components such as actuators, knife blades, knife fasteners, and machine frames, as well as pneumatic component specifications, which are explained in detail. A comparison of stripping times shows a significant increase in efficiency with the machine, with the fastest time of 9.09 seconds and the longest time of 447 seconds for manual stripping. This research contributes to the development of pineapple processing technology and increases efficiency in the fruit processing industry as a whole.

Pengaruh Variasi Bahan Aditif Pada Base Quench Medium dan Holding Time Tempering Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Material Roda Gigi

Alexander David Kurniawan, Pondi Udianto — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Gears are one of the most important components in various machine systems, and in their use, the gears rub
and press against each other with other components, so they often experience wear on their surfaces. Therefore,
to overcome these problems, the gear material is given a hardening and tempering heat treatment to improve its
mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in cooling media in the
quenching process and tempering holding time on the hardness value and impact strength of S45C steel. The
method used is S45C steel heated at 950°C for 35 minutes, then cooled using water + 0.12% activated carbon, a
5% NaCl solution, and SAE 15 W 40 oil + 0.12% activated carbon. After that, it was tempered at 260 °C for 15
minutes, 25 minutes, and 35 minutes. Then a hardness test was carried out to determine the hardness value, and
an impact test was carried out to determine the toughness value. From the results of the study, it was found that
the optimum parameters for overcoming wear problems on gears were using water + 0.12% activated carbon
cooling media and a tempering holding time of 15 minutes. From these optimum parameters, it produces a high
hardness value of 36.3 HRC and an impact price of 0.23 J/mm².

Analisis Ukuran Celah Katup Terhadap Kinerja Mesin Diesel

Herlan Maulana, Hadi Pranoto — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

The size of the cylinder valve clearance gap is one of the parameters that greatly influences the performance of a Diesel engine. Choosing a valve clearance size that can provide the best performance when the engine undergoes regular maintenance is often a problem, especially for Diesel engines that have been in operation for more than 5 years. The standard valve gap size in engine specifications is 0.4 mm. The aim of this research is to analyze valve gap tension which can save fuel consumption in the Diesel engine type 4JA1 2500. This research method involves collecting data by testing variations in valve gap adjustment and variations in engine speed. Experiments on variations in Diesel engine valve tension with valve gap sizes of 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm and 0.6 mm. The test results show that, compared with valve gap sizes of 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, and 0.5 mm, engine cylinders with a valve gap size of 0.6 mm produce the most optimal performance when used. the lowest specific fuel.

Desain dan Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Level Oli Hidrolik Excavator PC 1250 Berbasis IoT

Moch. Shofiyan Zuhri, Nurhadi — Tue, 24 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0700

Excavator hydraulic oil shortages and leaks cause engine overheating, low power, shorter component life, and excavator breakdown so that the coal production chain at PT. Kalimantan Prima Persada is disturbed. Meanwhile, oil monitoring is still done manually. The research objective is to design and implement an IoT-based PC 1250 Excavator hydraulic oil level monitoring system that can monitor oil levels automatically and test the system response speed. The research was carried out experimentally to test the comparison of the response speed of two different microcontrollers, namely the ESP 8266 and ESP 32, which use an antenna and without an antenna. The IoT module is installed near the excavator operator to determine the hydraulic oil level. The research results show that the excavator hydraulic oil level monitoring tool is capable of operating with a response speed of < 1 second.